It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas e. It is used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of metastatic tumors of the testis. Definition from the nci drug dictionary detailed scientific definition and other names for this drug. Cisplatin gains entry into tubular cells via uptake by the oct2 system on the basolateral membrane of proximal tubular cells. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the g2 phase of the cell cycle. Broadening the chemotherapeutic arsenal depends on understanding existing agents with a view toward developing new modes of attack. Cisplatin dosing, indications, interactions, adverse. Cisplatin is a cancer medication that interferes with the growth of cancer cells and slows their growth and spread in the body. The following side effects are common occurring in greater than 30% for patients taking cisplatin. Cisplatin is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.
Synthesis, antitumour activity and mechanism of action. Major side effect, action pharmacology mnemonics the best internal medicine question bank with questions, videos flashcards, and mnemonics. Cisplatin is a platinumbased agent whose nephrotoxicity is thought related to the chloride in the cis position. It has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers including bladder, head. This interferes with normal transcription andor dna replication mechanisms and triggers cytotoxic processes that lead to cell death. Clinical use, toxicity and mechanism of resistance of cisplatin while strong expression in inner and outer hairy cells of organ of corti was observed in the cisplatin group, cells showing a rather strong tunelpositive reaction were. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf. Cisplatin is part of a group of medications called platinum analogues.
Cisplatin is used to treat various types of cancer. The drug comes in injectable form, and is typically administered by a healthcare provider. Eurtac phase iii study design erlotinib 150 mgday cisplatin docetaxel, cisplatin gemcitabine. Mechanism of action of cisplatin has been broadly investigated in the past decades.
Cisplatin interactions bnf content published by nice. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Oct 05, 2014 cisplatin is stable under normal temperatures and pressures, but may transform slowly over time to the transisomer iarc 1981, akron 2009. This medicine is used to treat many types of cancer like bladder, ovarian, and testicular cancers. Plasma samples obtained up to 4 h after cisplatin infusion contained measurable ultrafilterable free cisplatin. Cisplatin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Cisplatin is a medicine used alone or with other therapies to treat cancer of the testicles, ovaries, or bladder the drug is also sometimes used offlabel to treat head and neck. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of dna. Disposition of total and free cisplatin on two consecutive. If the suffix psy, narc or drug precursor, or motbiotox appears, export authorizations are mandatory in. It also belongs to a larger group of chemotherapy drugs known as alkylating agents. Inside the cell, the chloride atoms of cisplatin may be displaced and the compound may be inactivated directly by. This chemotherapy medication is designed to kill cancer cells and normal cells by causing abnormal linkages in dna. History of the great invention in science discovery of cisplatin author. Like any drug that damages cells it has side effects. Cisplatin is used together with other medications to treat bladder cancer, testicular cancer, or ovarian cancer cisplatin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
It has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers including bladder, head and neck, lung. May 14, 2018 broadening the chemotherapeutic arsenal depends on understanding existing agents with a view toward developing new modes of attack. Hci andor sodium hydroxide added to adjust ph to 3. Cisplatin has a broadspectrum antineoplastic activity against various types of human tumors. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance oncogene. Cellular apoptosisnecrosis develops due to endoplasmic reticuluminduced stress, mitochondrial injury pathways, and a death receptor. Cisplatin kills cells including cancer cells and normal cells by causing abnormal linkages in dna, the genetic material of cells. Nomura et al 2004 cisplatin inhibits the expression of xlinked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in human lncap cells. Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, live is predicted to increase the risk of generalised infection possibly lifethreatening when given with cisplatin. Cisplatin terry clayton biological inorganic chemistry april 1, 2007 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Erlotinib vs chemotherapy ct in advanced nonsmallcell lung cancer nsclc patients p with epidermal growth factor receptor egfr activating mutations. Special attention is given to the synthesis of the compound and related derivatives, and to the nature of the hydrolysis products in blood and in the cell. The active ingredient, cisplatin, is a yellow to orange crystalline powder with the molecular formula ptcl. Cellular mechanisms of activity, drug resistance and induced side effects anamaria florea 1 and dietrich busselberg 2, 1 department of neuropathology.
May use concomitant amifostine to decrease nephrotoxicity. Mechanism of action cisplatin is believed to kill cancer cells by binding to dna and interfering with its repair mechanism, eventually leading to cell death. Side effects of cisplatin cisplatin injection, warnings, uses. While a combinationchemotherapy with cisplatin is a cornerstone. Cisplatin injection cisplatin injection cisplatin cisplatin injection injection is a sterile aqueous solution, available in 50, 100 and 200 ml multiple dose vials, each ml containing 1 mg of cisplatin cisplatin injection and 9 mg sodium chloride in water for injection. Cisplatin is used together with other medications to treat bladder cancer, testicular cancer, or ovarian cancer. Medlineplus information on cisplatin a lay language summary of important information about this drug that may include the following. Cisplatin dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects. Cancer commons is a patientcentric, nonprofit network of patients, physicians, and scientists that helps identify the best options for treating an individuals cancer. This medicine may lower the ability of the bone marrow to make blood cells that the body needs. There are many options to help minimize or prevent the side effects of cisplatin. Cisplatin definition of cisplatin by medical dictionary. Cisplatin, cisplatinum or cisdiamminedichloridoplatinumii cddp is a platinumbased chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas e.
Im six years out and have some dings from the treatment but would do it again. Jul 20, 2018 how does cisplatin work to treat cancer. Numerous mechanisms of cisplatin resistance were described including. The mean disposition of free cisplatin conformed to a twocompartment model with a mean terminal halflife sd of 46. In the 35 years since the discovery of the antitumor activity of cisplatin, laboratory studies have provided considerable information as to how the drug exerts its antitumor effects and how some tumors are, or become, resistant to. The main mechanism of the cytotoxic action involves the binding of cisplatin to genomic dna in the cell nucleus to form interstrand and intrastrand crosslinks. Cisplatin supplier cas 15663271 cddp tocris bioscience. Inside the cell, the chloride atoms of cisplatin may be displaced and the compound may be inactivated directly by reaction with nucleophiles such as thiols.
It was the first member of its class, which now also includes carboplatin and. If blood cell counts get very low, this can lead to bleeding problems, infections, or anemia. Cisplatin is administered intravenously as shortterm infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. Find out what health conditions may be a health risk when taken with cisplatin intravenous. In the 35 years since the discovery of the antitumor activity of cisplatin, laboratory studies have provided considerable information as to how the drug exerts its antitumor effects and how some tumors are, or become, resistant to this drug. Anderson cancer center, 1515 holcombe boulevard, houston, tx 770304009, usa cisplatin is one of the most potent antitumor agents. Jul 18, 2017 cisplatin injection cisplatin injection cisplatin cisplatin injection injection is a sterile aqueous solution, available in 50, 100 and 200 ml multiple dose vials, each ml containing 1 mg of cisplatin cisplatin injection and 9 mg sodium chloride in water for injection. Docetaxel plus cisplatin has not been compared with cisplatin plus fluorouracil in a randomized phase iii trial. The substitution of carboplatin for cisplatin simplifies administration and systemic chemotherapy for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer view in chinese. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with dna to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. Cisplatin is prescribed for the treatment of various types of cancer, including ovarian cancer, testicular cancer, and bladder cancer. Cisplatin or cisdiamminedichloroplatinum cddp is the first member of a class of platinumcontaining anticancer drugs that act by binding to and causing crosslinking of deoxyribonucleic acid, which ultimately triggers apoptosis. These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors and neuroblastoma.
Cisplatin is one of the most successful chemotherapeutics and has been widely used in clinics for the treatment of various cancers including bladder, head and neck, lung, ovarian, and testicular cancers. Gastrointestinal marked nausea and vomiting occur in almost all patients treated with cisplatin cisplatin injection, and are occasionally so severe that the drug must be discontinued. Webmd provides common contraindications for cisplatin intravenous. The current accepted paradigm about cisplatin mechanism of action is that. Cisplatin induced paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Had modified rnd, cisplatin, carboplatin, erbitux and taxol, and 33 rounds of radiation not an unusual treatment. Oncology 22 453 if you know of a relevant reference for cisplatin, please let us know. Pharmacology, clinical uses and adverse effects pharmacology research, safety testing and regulation. A special attention is given to its molecular mechanisms of action, historical background, undesirable side effects. There is no relationship between the presence or severity of cisplatin side effects and effectiveness of cisplatin. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers. Nausea was the worst for me, they gave me compazine and ataivan not sure of spelling alternating every 4 hours still had nausea but perhaps.
Interim results of the european erlotinib vs chemotherapy eurtac phase iii randomized trial rosell r et al. Each vial of platinol contains 50 mg cisplatin, 450 mg sodium chloride, usp, and 500 mg mannitol, usp. Jul 18, 2017 in these reports, cisplatin cisplatin injection was generally given in combination with other leukemogenic agents. Sep 12, 2019 cisplatin is a cancer medication that interferes with the growth of cancer cells and slows their growth and spread in the body. Cisplatin is stable under normal temperatures and pressures, but may transform slowly over time to the transisomer iarc 1981, akron 2009. Story of cisplatin free download as powerpoint presentation. The first step in the process after the cisplatin molecule penetrates the cell membrane intact is for a molecule of water to replace one of the chloride ions. While a combinationchemotherapy with cisplatin is a cornerstone for the treatment of multiple cancers, the challenge is that cancer cells could become cisplatin resistant. Although cisplatin, cisdiamminedichloroplatinumii, has been successfully used in the chemotherapy of cancer for more than 25 years, its biochemical mechanism of action is still unclear. Cisplatin is one of the most potent antitumor agents known, displaying clinical activity against a wide variety of solid tumors.